Photosynthetica 2024, 62(3):292-301 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2024.030

Morphophysiological responses of black pepper to recurrent water deficit

T.R. FERREIRA1, V.P. SALLIN3, B. CERRI NETO3, J. CRASQUE3, A. PIRES1, P.S. RODRIGUES1, H. CHISTÉ1, A.B.P. LIMA1, J.A. MACHADO FILHO2, L.O. ARANTES2, J.M.S. LIRA4, A.R. FALQUETO1, S. DOUSSEAU-ARANTES2
1 Department of Agrarian and Biological Sciences, North Espírito Santo University Center, Federal University of Espírito Santo, BR 101 North, Km 60, Litorâneo District, 29932-540 São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
2 Capixaba Institute for Research, Technical Assistance and Rural Extension, BR 101 North, Km 151, P.O. Box 62, Linhares, Espírito Santo, Brazil
3 Department of Biological Sciences, Center for Human and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Avenida Fernando Ferrari 514, Goiabeiras, 29075-910 Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
4 Federal University of Alfenas, Rua Gabriel Monteiro da Silva 700 - Center, 37048-395 Alfenas, Minas Gerais, Brazil

This study investigated the effects of recurrent water deficit on drought tolerance traits in black pepper (Piper nigrum L.) ʻBragantinaʼ. Plants were subjected to three cycles of water deficit followed by recovery periods. Water deficit reduced stomatal conductance, photosynthesis, transpiration, and water potential while increasing water-use efficiency. In addition, intercellular CO2 concentration, leaf temperature, root starch, and adaptive morphological characteristics in leaves and roots increased. Despite these adaptations, plants did not recover vegetative growth after rehydration. The primary tolerance mechanisms observed included increased abaxial epidermis thickness, stomatal density, fine roots, periderm thickness, and starch accumulation in roots. Although gas exchange and leaf water potential were restored, vegetative growth did not fully recover. This study highlights the response of black pepper to recurrent water stress and the underlying mechanisms of its drought tolerance.

Additional key words: anatomy; black pepper; drought cycles; gas exchange; vegetative growth.

Received: January 31, 2024; Revised: July 12, 2024; Accepted: August 12, 2024; Prepublished online: August 30, 2024; Published: October 14, 2024  Show citation

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FERREIRA, T.R., SALLIN, V.P., CERRI NETO, B., CRASQUE, J., PIRES, A., RODRIGUES, P.S., ... DOUSSEAU-ARANTES, S. (2024). Morphophysiological responses of black pepper to recurrent water deficit. Photosynthetica, 62(3), 292-301. doi: 10.32615/ps.2024.030
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