Photosynthetica, 2023 (vol. 61), issue 3
Different light-quality colored films affect growth, photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, and triterpene acid accumulation in Glechoma longituba plants
L.X. ZHANG, Q.S. CHANG, Q.S. GUO, X.G. HOU, L. LIU, Z.B. ZHU, S.D. CHEN
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):264-274 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2022.046 
To elucidate the adaptive strategies of Glechoma longituba in response to different light-quality colored films, the growth, photosynthesis, chloroplast ultrastructure, and triterpene acid accumulation were analyzed. In this study, four colored films improved electron transport and maintained the function of PSII, and allocated more light energy absorbed for photochemical reactions, thus increasing the photosynthetic capacity and ultimately improving dry mass accumulation. Additionally, blue film (BF) and green film (GF) enhanced photosynthesis by increasing stomatal openness and chlorophyll contents and maintaining chloroplast structural...
Changes of dorsoventral asymmetry and anoxygenic photosynthesis in response of Chelidonium majus leaves to the SiO2 nanoparticle treatment
V. LYSENKO, Y. GUO, V.D. RAJPUT, E. CHALENKO, O. YADRONOVA, T. ZARUBA, T. VARDUNY, E. KIRICHENKO
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):275-284 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.016
Natural SiO2 nanoparticles (SiO2-NPs) are widely distributed in the environment, and at the same time, synthetic SiO2-NP may be applied in agriculture. Evaluations of physiological responses to SiO2-NPs treatment of plants are controversial. They are often performed at adaxial leaf sides whereas NPs permeate leaf tissues through stomata located at the abaxial leaf side in the majority of bifacial plants. We measured coefficients of the functional dorsoventral asymmetry of NPs-stressed Chelidonium majus leaves, S, by values of the CO2 assimilation rate (SPN), dark respiration...
Excess energy and photosynthesis: responses to seasonal water limitations in co-occurring woody encroachers of the semi-arid Southern Great Plains
H.D. RAUB, N. RAJAN, K.J. MCINNES, J.B. WEST
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):285-296 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.018
Woody plant areal encroachment is pervasive throughout the Southern Great Plains, USA. The ability of woody plants to dissipate excess solar radiation - dynamically over the day and sustained periods without recovery overnight -is key for maintaining photosynthetic performance during dry stretches, but our understanding of these processes remains incomplete. Photosynthetic performance and energy dissipation were assessed for co-occurring encroachers on the karst Edwards Plateau (Juniperus ashei, Prosopis glandulosa, and Quercus fusiformis) under seasonal changes in water status. Only J. ashei experienced mild photoinhibition...
Strong increase of photosynthetic pigments and leaf size in a pruned Ginkgo biloba tree
H.K. LICHTENTHALER, E. ABUSLIMA, P. NICK
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):297-307 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.020
A 50-year-old solitary, sun-exposed ginkgo tree had strongly been pruned in the fall of 2021. Very few buds for the formation of new leaves, twigs, and branches were left over. In spring 2022, these few remaining buds responded with the formation of a different leaf type. These leaves were 2.7 times larger and also thicker than in the years before. In addition, the mean content of total chlorophylls [Chl (a+b)] per leaf area unit of dark-green leaves was 1.45, those of green leaves two times higher as compared to the years before pruning and the two other ginkgo trees which had been investigated in parallel. A comparable increase was...
Evaluation of the relationship between color-tuning of photosynthetic excitons and thermodynamic stability of light-harvesting chromoproteins
M. RÄTSEP, A. LEHTMETS, L. KANGUR, K. TIMPMANN, K. LEIGER, Z.-Y. WANG-OTOMO, A. FREIBERG
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):308-317 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.022
Color-tuning is a critical survival mechanism for photosynthetic organisms. Calcium ions are believed to enhance both spectral tuning and thermostability in obligatory calcium-containing sulfur purple bacteria. This study examined the thermo- and piezo stability of the LH1-RC complexes from two calcium-containing sulfur purple bacteria notable for their extreme red-shifted spectra. The results generally show limited reversibility of both temperature and pressure effects related to the malleability of calcium-binding sites. While the pressure-induced decomposition product closely resembles the calcium-depleted form of the chromoproteins, the thermally...
Influence of nitrogen and phosphorus additions on parameters of photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence in Cyclocarya paliurus seedlings
X.L. YUE, X.F. LIU, S.Z. FANG
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):318-327 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.023
Cyclocarya paliurus has been traditionally used as a functional food in China. A hydroponic experiment was conducted to determine the effects of N and P additions on photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence (ChlF) of C. paliurus seedlings. N and P additions significantly altered photosynthesis and ChlF in the seedlings, but responses of these parameters to the N and P concentrations varied at different developmental stages. The greatest net photosynthetic rate (PN) and actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (ФPSII) occurred in the treatment of 150.0 mg(N) L-1 and 25.0 mg(P) L-1 addition,...
Can seedlings of Norway spruce (Picea abies L. H. Karst.) populations withstand changed climate conditions?
H. HÚDOKOVÁ, P. FLEISCHER JR, M. JEŽÍK, J. MAREŠOVÁ, E. PŠIDOVÁ, M. MUKARRAM, Ľ. DITMAROVÁ, A. SLIACKA-KONÔPKOVÁ, G. JAMNICKÁ
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):328-341 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.026
A manipulative experiment with two different water regimes was established to identify the variability of physiological responses to environmental changes in 5-year-old Norway spruce provenances in the Western Carpathians. While variations in the growth responses were detected only between treatments, photosynthetic and biochemical parameters were also differently influenced among provenances. Following drought treatment, an obvious shrinkage of tree stems was observed. In most provenances, drought had a negative effect on leaf gas-exchange parameters and kinetics of chlorophyll a fluorescence. Secondary metabolism was not affected so much with...
Impact of salt stress on physiology, leaf mass, and nutrient accumulation in romaine lettuce
B. ADHIKARI, O.J. OLORUNWA, S. BRAZEL, T.C. BARICKMAN, R. BHEEMANAHALLI
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):342-353 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.027
The impact of salt stress is becoming more prevalent each year, largely due to the effects of climate change. Limited availability of salt-free water is rising concern for hydroponics lettuce production. Despite evidence supporting salt stress-induced quality losses and physiological changes, studies on romaine lettuce salt-stress tolerance are limited. This study examined the mechanism underlying the sodium chloride (NaCl) tolerance (0, 50, 100, and 150 mM) of lettuce on its growth and nutrition at late-rosette and early head-formation stages. Results revealed 76% fresh mass reduction under increased NaCl at both stages. The study also found unchanged...
Evaluating the effect of grafting methods and rootstocks through the analysis of chlorophyll a fluorescence
J. CRASQUE, B. CERRI NETO, M.L.P.B. PINTO, T.R. FERREIRA, A.R. FALQUETO, L.O. ARANTES, J.A. MACHADO FILHO, C.A.S. SOUZA, E.R. SCHMILDT, S. DOUSSEAU-ARANTES
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):354-362 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.029
This study evaluated the side-cleft grafting in native species of the genus Piper (Piper aduncum L., Piper hispidum Sw., and Piper tuberculatum Jacq.) with BRS Kottanadan pepper cultivar as rootstocks (Experiment 1). The top-cleft grafting was evaluated in native species Piper arboreum Aubl., P. aduncum, and P. tuberculatum with Balankotta pepper cultivar as graft using black pepper cv. Bragantina (Experiment 2). Black pepper cv. Bragantina autograft was considered as control. The rootstock P. tuberculatum showed initial incompatibility with the cv. Bragantina, with survival of about 34.8% (side)...
Responses of wild Piper species to drought and rehydration cycles considering stomatal closure as a marker of the alarm phase
B. CERRI NETO, F.R.N. SILVA, T.R. FERREIRA, J. CRASQUE, L.O. ARANTES, J.A. MACHADO FILHO, T.C. DE SOUZA, A.R. FALQUETO, S. DOUSSEAU-ARANTES
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):363-376 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.030
Studies that simulate recurrent drought events with subsequent episodes of rehydration better reflect natural conditions and allow visualization of differential acclimatization responses resulting from memory and tolerance mechanisms. Piper aduncum and Piper tuberculatum were grown in a greenhouse and were subjected to three successive cycles of drought and subsequent rehydration. After suspending irrigation, gas exchanges were measured daily with IRGA. When stomatal conductances close to zero were obtained, the plants were rehydrated and kept irrigated. In P. tuberculatum, stomatal conductance was always higher after periods of...
Morphophysiological responses of Theobroma cacao L. rootstocks to flooding and post-flooding conditions
M.L.P.B. PINTO, J. CRASQUE, B. CERRI NETO, T.R. FERREIRA, C.A.S. SOUZA, A.R. FALQUETO, T.C. DE SOUZA, J.A. MACHADO FILHO, L.O. ARANTES, S. DOUSSEAU-ARANTES
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):377-389 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.031
This study investigates how cocoa rootstocks respond to flooding and post-flooding conditions, offering insights for cocoa plantation sustainability in flood-prone areas due to climate change. We studied Theobroma cacao L. rootstocks for 60 d of flooding and 30 d post-flooding, grafting PS-1319 scions onto five rootstocks (TSH-1188, Cepec-2002, Pará, Esfip-02, SJ-02). Photochemical performance remained stable across rootstocks, while flooding progressively reduced electron transport efficiency. Photochemical damage emerged after 7 d, worsening occurred at 19 d. Although post-flooding efficiency improved, recovery time was insufficient for full...
Changes in the photosynthetic response of lettuce exposed to toxic element multicontamination under hydroponic conditions
M. LHOTSKÁ, V. ZEMANOVÁ, D. PAVLÍKOVÁ, F. HNILIČKA
Photosynthetica 2023, 61(3):390-397 | DOI: 10.32615/ps.2023.034
The effect of toxic element multicontamination on photosynthetic responses was observed in a greenhouse hydroponic culture of lettuce plants (Lactuca sativa var. capitata). The experiment focused only on the combined effect of selected toxic elements without the influence of soil, due to the hydroponic conditions. Pre-cultivated (six-true-leaf stage) plants were grown in control and contaminated hydroponic culture for 14 d. The mix of toxic elements (As, Cd, Pb, and Zn) in the contaminated solution corresponded to the water-soluble fraction of soil from the anthropogenically contaminated Litavka River area, Czech Republic. The plant response...